Multiple Choice Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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In Exhibit 7-2, lines H, J, and K represent, respectively,
a. | marginal product, average product, and total product | b. | average fixed cost,
average total cost, and average variable cost | c. | marginal cost, average total cost, and average
variable cost | d. | average total cost, marginal cost, and average variable cost | e. | marginal cost,
average product, average total cost |
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2.
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In Exhibit 0109, when output is 10,
a. | total cost equals $10 | b. | total fixed cost equals $1 | c. | average variable
cost equals $1 | d. | marginal cost equals $10 | e. | average fixed cost equals
$10 |
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3.
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In Exhibit 0109, what phrase best describes point d?
a. | average total cost | b. | average total cost for the quantity
10 | c. | average variable cost for the quantity 10 | d. | marginal
cost | e. | marginal cost for the quantity 10 |
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4.
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In Exhibit 0109, the vertical distance between lines B and C at any level of
output represents
a. | marginal cost | b. | average total cost | c. | average variable
cost | d. | average fixed cost | e. | average marginal
cost |
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5.
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In exhibit 0109, when output = 10 units, the
a. | total cost = $80 | b. | total cost = $8 | c. | average total cost =
$8 | d. | a and b only | e. | all of the
above |
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6.
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In Exhibit 0103; the total product of four workers is
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7.
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In Exhibit 0103, the marginal product of the third worker is
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8.
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In Exhibit 0103, diminishing marginal returns occur when additional workers are
added after the
a. | first worker | b. | third worker | c. | fourth
worker | d. | fifth worker | e. | seventh worker |
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9.
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The law of diminishing marginal returns states that
a. | long-run average costs decline as output increases | b. | if the marginal
product is above the average product, the average will rise | c. | as units of a
variable input are added to a given amount of fixed inputs, the marginal product of the variable
input eventually diminishes | d. | as a person consumes more of a good, the
marginal satisfaction from that good eventually diminishes | e. | if marginal product
is positive, total product rises |
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10.
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In the long run, all costs are fixed.
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11.
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Inputs that can be increased or decreased in the short run are called
a. | fixed inputs | b. | variable inputs | c. | economic
inputs | d. | accounting inputs | e. | normal inputs |
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12.
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The short run is a period of time
a. | equal to or less than six months | b. | during which all resources may be
varied | c. | during which all resources are fixed | d. | during which at least one resource is
fixed | e. | during which at least one resource may be varied |
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13.
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The long run is a period of time
a. | during which at least one resource is fixed | b. | during which all
resources are variable | c. | during which all resources are
fixed | d. | less than one year | e. | greater than one
year |
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14.
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Which of the following is a fixed cost of preparing meals?
a. | dishwasher detergent | b. | chicken | c. | soda | d. | a microwave oven | e. | electricity |
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15.
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If a firm shuts down (produces 0 units, but stays in business) in the short run
and produces no output, its total cost will be
a. | zero | b. | equal to total variable
cost | c. | equal to total fixed cost | d. | equal to explicit costs
only | e. | impossible to calculate |
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16.
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Which of the following is not an explicit cost?
a. | salaries | b. | sales taxes | c. | the cost of
utilities, such as gas and electricity | d. | insurance premiums | e. | the value of the
firm owner's time |
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17.
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Two friends, Diane and Sam, own and run a bar. Diane tends bar on Monday,
Wednesday, and Friday and receives a wage in addition to tips, but doesn’t share in the
profits. Sam tends bar on Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday. Sam doesn’t get a wage, but he
receives tips and shares in profits. Which of the following represents an implicit cost of operating
the bar?
a. | Diane's wage | b. | Sam's time | c. | Diane's
tips | d. | Sam's tips | e. | both Diane's and Sam's
tips |
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18.
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Accounting profit is
a. | always less than economic profit | b. | never less than economic
profit | c. | equal to economic profit if a normal profit is earned | d. | less than economic
profit only when implicit costs are greater than explicit costs | e. | greater than
economic profit only when implicit costs are greater than explicit
costs |
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19.
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Suppose a lawyer leaves his $50,000-a-year job and starts his own firm breeding
pit bulls. In the first year, his accounting profits are $70,000. The lawyer finances his new
business with $100,000 from his savings account, which had earned 10 percent interest. His economic
profit is
a. | $10,000 | b. | $60,000 | c. | $70,000 | d. | -$80,000 | e. | -$90,000 |
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20.
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If the Money Store earns a normal profit this year, its
a. | economic profit is equal to its accounting profit | b. | economic profit is
zero | c. | economic profit is equal to the average accounting profit in other
industries | d. | accounting profit is zero | e. | accounting profit is less than its economic
profit |
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21.
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Normal profit is defined as
a. | accounting profit | b. | economic profit | c. | accounting profit
necessary to ensure that opportunity costs are covered | d. | accounting profit minus economic
profit | e. | economic profit minus accounting profit |
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22.
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The Toys-R-Danger-Us Toy Company can produce 500 water pistols for a total cost
of $1,400. If the variable cost of producing 500 water pistols is $1,300, then
a. | fixed cost must be $100 | b. | marginal cost must be
$1,300 | c. | marginal cost must be increasing | d. | average variable cost must be
decreasing | e. | average fixed cost must be constant |
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23.
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The short-run average variable cost curve
a. | is always downward-sloping | b. | starts at the origin and always slopes
upward | c. | starts above the origin and always slopes upward | d. | is a horizontal line
intersecting the vertical axis | e. | slopes downward at low rates of output, then
slopes upward at higher rates of output |
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24.
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The average total cost curve and the average variable cost curve
a. | are closer together as output increases, with average variable cost reaching its
minimum level first | b. | are closer together as output increases, with
average total cost reaching its minimum level first | c. | are farther apart as output increases, with
average variable cost reaching its minimum level first | d. | are farther apart as output increases, with
average total cost reaching its minimum level first | e. | are parallel to each other, and reach their
minimum levels at the same rate of output |
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25.
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In exhibit 0109, two curves intersect at point e. These two curves
are:
a. | ATC and AVC | b. | MC and AVC | c. | MC and
ATC | d. | ATC and AFC |
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26.
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For each size of plant a manufacturer could build, there is a different
a. | long-run average fixed cost curve | b. | long-run average variable cost
curve | c. | short-run average total cost curve | d. | long-run average total cost
curve | e. | long-run marginal cost curve |
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27.
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The shape of the long-run average cost curve reflects
a. | market demand | b. | economies and diseconomies of
scale | c. | increasing and diminishing marginal returns | d. | productivity of
fixed inputs | e. | all of the above |
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28.
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Diseconomies of scale are pictured on a graph by the upward-sloping portion of
the
a. | marginal product curve | b. | short-run marginal cost
curve | c. | long-run marginal cost curve | d. | short-run average cost
curve | e. | long-run average cost curve |
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29.
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An automobile racing team experiences has lower average costs when it enters 2
cars instead on entering only 1 car in each race. A team with 3 cars has even lower costs than
a team with 2 cars. A team with 4 or 5 cars has the same average costs as the 3-car team.
But a team trying to enter 6 or more cars finds it’s average costs are higher than the 3-car
teams. Race car teams experience ___________ when expanding to from 5 to 6 cars.
a. | declining profit | b. | higher prices | c. | diseconomies of
scale | d. | economies of scale | e. | diminishing marginal
returns |
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30.
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An automobile racing team experiences has lower average costs when it enters 2
cars instead on entering only 1 car in each race. A team with 3 cars has even lower costs than
a team with 2 cars. A team with 4 or 5 cars has the same average costs as the 3-car team.
But a team trying to enter 6 or more cars finds it’s average costs are higher than the 3-car
teams. Race car teams experience ___________ when expanding to from 3 to 5 cars.
a. | declining profit | b. | higher prices | c. | diseconomies of
scale | d. | economies of scale | e. | constant returns to
scale |
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